解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Natural populations of Drosophila robusta are polymorphic for chromosomal gene arrangements in most of its range, the deciduous forests of North America east of the Rocky Mountains. Many of the gene arrangements are the result of paracentric inversions on both arms of the metacentric second chromosome. They are freque...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.1998.00341.x
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sequences of ITS1 of the internal transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA from 11 species or subspecies in four sections of the genus Beta were compared. Phylogeny of these wild beet taxa was inferred from the sequence data using phenetic and phylogenetic analyses. Multiple accessions from the same 11 ...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.1998.00332.x
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The simple regression method of mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) is further investigated in comparison with the mixture model maximum likelihood method under high heritabilities, dominant and missing markers. No significant difference between the two methods is detected in terms of errors of parameter estimation ...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.1998.00307.x
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic variation was studied in quantitative traits and molecular markers in six natural Scandinavian populations of Arabidopsis thaliana. Only two of the populations had several molecular marker haplotypes and significant between-family variance components in quantitative traits. There was no genetic variation in th...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1997.137
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atlantic Coast striped bass exhibit exceptionally low levels of genetic variation. The ability of the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method to uncover genetic variation in this highly conserved species was investigated. Sufficient levels of variation were detected to allow a population genetic analysis of t...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1997.4
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::MtDNA restriction fragment polymorphisms were found between cytoplasmic male-sterility types P and R of Plantago lanceolata with the homologous probe pPl311 and maize mtDNA fragments derived from the regions of atp1, cox1 and cox2. No mtDNA differences were observed between male- sterile and restored plants with the s...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6880780
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques to design two genetic markers for blue mussels in the Mytilus edulis species complex. Both of these markers target the gene encoding the mussel polyphenolic adhesive protein. The first marker, Glu-5', is hig...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1996.187
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mosquito Culex pipiens, over-production of esterases is a common insecticide resistance mechanism. Different alleles at the esterase A and B loci are known to occur in natural populations, as shown by enzyme electrophoresis and RFLP studies on the esterase B locus. Here we analyse the variability of the esteras...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1996.181
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were carried out to correlate the cytological localization of DNA polymerase alpha with the presence of its specific mRNA in human lymphocytes studied at different times after phytohaemagglutinin stimulation. Our data indicated that in resting cells it is not possible to detect DNA polymerase alpha protein...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1996.123
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::RAPD-PCR polymorphisms at 57 presumptive loci were used to examine the breeding structure of the mosquito Aedes aegypti in Puerto Rico. Mosquitoes were sampled from 16 locations in six cities and samples were located in a nested spatial design to examine local patterns of gene flow. Allele frequencies were estimated a...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1996.50
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of mammalian sex depends on the presence or absence of a functional testis. Testes are determined by the activity of the testis determining factor encoded by the sex determining gene, Y (SRY) located on the Y chromosome. Considerable evidence suggests that the SRY gene is the only gene on the Y chromosom...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/hdy.1995.179
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evolution of the rDNA spacer, ITS 2, is examined by comparing 17 DNA sequences of the ticks, Ixodes scapularis and I. pacificus. The distribution of fixed interspecific differences and the relative frequency of base changes vs. insertions/deletions (indels) matches the distribution and relative frequency for intraspec...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1995.139
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drosophila mauritiana larvae are tolerant to ethanol as a supplementary nutritional resource at low concentrations. Higher levels of ethanol (5 per cent) in the food adversely affect larval behaviour causing reduced rates of locomotion and feeding which are associated with low larva-to-adult survival. Two codominant a...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1995.61
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosome polymorphism in Drosophila buzzatii is under selection but the genes responsible for the effect of the inversions of fitness are unknown. On the other hand, there is evidence for selection on several allozyme loci but the presence of paracentric inversions on the second chromosome, where most of the polymor...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1995.27
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The course of adaptation to heterogeneous environments is influenced by the magnitude of genetic variation for ecologically important characters within each environment and the extent of genotype x environment interaction. Using the genetic correlation between the expression of characters in different environments as ...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1995.10
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five Indian natural populations of Drosophila ananassae were analysed for chromosome inversions and the presence of individuals with extra scutellar bristles in the F1 progeny of isofemale lines initiated from naturally impregnated females. Three commonly occurring inversions were found in these populations with varyi...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1994.188
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated intraspecific and interspecific patterns of paternity in Tribolium castaneum, the flour beetle, by mating females either to pairs of conspecific males or to one conspecific and one heterospecific male of the closely related species, T. freemani. Females of both species store sperm in the spermatheca af...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1994.114
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the first sex-linked loci in Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout). Previous cytological and breeding experiments have demonstrated an XX/XY sex determining system in this and other salmonid species. Joint segregation data from fathers indicated an average of 8.1 per cent recombination between HEX-2 and the se...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1994.67
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several classes of models have been suggested to explain how natural selection can favour non-zero recombination. Directional and fluctuating selection, abiotic and biotic, and selection against harmful mutations seem to be the most plausible factors, but little has been done to test the problem experimentally. Here w...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1994.7
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Competition experiments between several Drosophila pseudoobscura strains that were previously subjected to periodic bottlenecks of different sizes and D. willistoni have been carried out. Contrary to previous results with these two species, where stable coexistence was detected, populations of D. pseudoobscura displac...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1993.8
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol dehydrogenase activity has been measured in 186 iso-second chromosome lines--104 from seven Australian populations and 82 from six Chinese populations. Restriction endonuclease variation in the Adh gene region in these lines has previously been described (Jiang & Gibson, 1991). The mean ADH activity of AdhF an...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1992.48
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent molecular evidence has shown that many MHC polymorphisms are not only shared between species but are in fact identical at the molecular level. Species that share these polymorphisms may be very distantly related and often diverged millions of generations ago. It is now known that this phenomenon is very unlikel...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1992.39
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The theory, construction and optimization of a model of chromosome pairing in triploid hybrids are re-examined and the model reconstructed. A new approach to optimization is described that removes a bias in the estimation of x, the measure of relative affinity, by weighting the observed and calculated meiotic figure f...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1992.16
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flies from a wild type strain of Drosophila melanogaster, previously kept at 25 degrees C, were reared at either 20, 25 or 29 degrees C. As expected, developmental time and adult body size decreased with increasing temperature. Adult longevity of flies reared at 25 degrees C was slightly greater than that of flies rai...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Restriction endonuclease variation in the 12 kb region surrounding the Adh locus was measured in seven Australian and six Chinese populations of Drosophila melanogaster. There is a higher level of nucleotide-substitution variation in the Australian populations than in the Chinese, which is possibly a reflection of the...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1992.1
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigations into the genetic basis of reproductive barriers among recognized and putative varieties in Phacelia dubia have provided evidence that even among closely related taxa, multiple pathways can lead to reproductive isolation. A nuclear-based reproductive barrier, expressed as partial hybrid sterility of both...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1991.97
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analysis of the interpopulational differences observed between four European and four Chilean stocks of Drosophila subobscura, with regard to wing size, egg-to-adult development time and preadult viability, shows highly significant differences between the eight stocks irrespective of the continent from which the fl...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1991.61
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An examination of the chiasma distribution in chromosome 1 of male mice homozygous and heterozygous for a distal inversion In(1) 12Rk and in normal males was carried out. No differences in chiasma distribution were found between homozygotes for the inversion and homozygotes for normal chromosome 1. A significant decre...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1991.55
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although allelic variants at a locus usually are expressed either dominantly or co-dominantly, there are many cases when a gene is dominantly expressed in some individuals and co-dominantly in others. We present a maximum-likelihood procedure for allele frequency estimation in such situations of "incomplete" co-domina...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1990.114
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A high resolution analysis of the G-band patterns of normal and aberrant chromosomes 1, bearing two linked insertions of homogeneously staining regions (HSRs) in the house mouse (Mus musculus musculus) reveals the inverted pattern of the euchromatic region between the HSRs. On the basis of this analysis a hypothesis o...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1990.95
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory presented in a previous paper has been used to provide a description of the responses expected from selection in two or more generations of a selfing series. Optimum two-stages and multi-stage selection programmes are described, for a limited set of circumstances, and compared with the single-stage designs desc...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1990.89
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sibling species Anopheles atroparvus and Anopheles labranchiae are cytogenetically almost indistinguishable. The chromosome complement (2n = 6) consists of two pairs of autosomes and two heteromorphic sex chromosomes with largely homologous heterochromatic long arms. Treatment of chromosome preparations with the r...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1990.80
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the importance of competition as an evolutionary determinant in natural populations there have been few studies of the genetical control of competitive ability. Here, we report the results of a biometrical analysis of four continuously varying traits which, between them, describe the competitive interactions i...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1990.27
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied in Drosophila melanogaster the effects of allozyme variation at the alpha Gpdh and Adh loci on the following fitness components: female fecundity, egg hatchability, egg-to-adult survival under near-optimal and competitive conditions, rate of development under near-optimal and competitive conditions, an...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1989.108
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six populations of Trimerotropis pallidipennis located along an altitudinal gradient in the Antinaco-Los Colorados valley (La Rioja, Argentina), were cytologically analysed. The male karyotype consists of 23 chromosomes (22 + XO) with three long pairs submetacentric, the X-chromosome metacentric and the remaining ones...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1989.14
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inbred laboratory stocks of the locust Locusta migratoria were used in two different types of experiment involving the superimposition of heat-induced changes in chiasma frequency. The first involved the administration of two heat-treatments at 40 degrees C alternating with a return to 30 degrees C. This was designed ...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1989.10
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty-two homozygous lines each isoallelic for the Esterase 6 (Est-6) locus were extracted from a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster. Homogenates of 4-5 day old virgin adults of each sex from several replicate cultures of each line were assayed for EST6 activity. Depending on the line, males had from three ...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1989.4
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue and blood samples from 180 fallow deer (Dama dama L.) belonging to an Italian free-ranging population were studied for biochemical variability by means of cellulose acetate and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The 51 putative genetic loci successfully resolved showed a very low level of variability (P = 0.02...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1988.131
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Fisherian" models of sexual selection by female choice assume that females prefer male characters which are initially advantageous or neutral; character and preference then spread through the population. Once female preference has evolved to a higher frequency, the male character can become more extreme and disadvant...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1988.44
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent developments in the analysis of density dependent competition in Drosophila melanogaster have identified two distinct parameters, namely the competitive pressure or aggression exerted by a genotype and the sensitivity or response of a genotype to such aggression. Assuming that response is more related to the ef...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/hdy.1988.34
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00